The ELICOS sector has been hit particularly hard. The peak body for ELICOS providers, English Australia, has suggested that in view of the confluence of negative factors recently, ELICOS enrolments could fall between 30 to 40%. From the perspective of higher education, the marked decline in ELICOS commencements could be a potential indicator of future decline. ELICOS providers typically prepare future higher education students in their short course structures, as 60% of students ‘pathway’ into the other sectors. Falls in ELICOS enrolments this year more often than not presage falls in higher education commencements the next year. .