The human development aspects of the ECE industry also have a significant economic impact on California. Studies of the costs and long-term benefits of high-quality ECE programs have consistently found substantial savings derived over the course of years and decades from reduced need for remedial and special education, reduced incarceration rates, lower rates of teen pregnancy, and many other factors. Analyses of the costs and benefits of ECE have found impressive returns on investment to the public, ranging from $ to $ per dollar invested. Quality ECE can also help foster the development of a productive workforce to meet the future needs of California businesses in.