Transportation investment affects the economy through two fundamental mechanisms: (1) impacts of spending -- the act of investing money in public transportation facilities and operations supports jobs and income for that industry, as well as jobs and income in supplier industries and other affected elements of the economy; (2) costs and productivity impacts – the public transportation services that are enabled by that investment provide enhanced mobility, time and cost savings; leading to broader economic growth occurs as a result of changes in disposable household income, business productivity and market access. .
