Rubber production on small-scale farming systems in Thailand is a secured way for farmers to gain constant income for their livelihood. Besides, rubberwood farming systems are easy to maintain because silviculture costs are mainly present at the preparation and planting stages. Economic risks to small-scale rubber farmers are not that significant because farmers always have the possibility to substitute their income source by switching into alternative farming products. For instance, if latex price is low, farmers may decide to clear their land and sell rubberwood to a sawmill. Also, farmers have the possibility to intercrop.
