Behind any human institution there stand a few men--perhaps only one man--who direct its movement, protect its interests, or serve as its mouthpiece. This applies to nations. If we wish to know for what a nation stands and what are its ideals and by what means it seeks to realise them, we shall do well to know something of the men who lead its people or express their feelings. It is of vital importance that we should understand the attitude of every one of the nations--both friends and enemies--involved in this war. For in this way only can we know what is necessary to be.