The point is not that the US and other traditionally strong scientific nations are decreasing output and submissions— they are not, the number of submissions is growing globally—but others are doing so at faster rates. This growth may flatten out as nations develop and mature, but this may take many years, and the axis of research may look significantly different in 10–20 years should these trends continue. The effects of this shift will continue to impact publishers directly. As scholarly publishing is the primary measure of scholarly output, researchers and other authors will continue to feel the pressure to publish and publishers.