In the case of Writing and Speaking, however, the small increases in the mean scores did not reflect a significant improvement. For Writing, the sample mean of (SD = .64) was not significantly different from , t(39) = , p .05. Likewise, for Speaking, the sample mean of (SD = .78) was not significantly different from , t(39) = , p .05. The results of the paired sample t-test conducted on the Overall score did, however, indicate an improvement. The sample mean of (SD = .49) was significantly different from , t(39) = , p.
