The ability of the mammalian kidney to concentrate urine is an important factor contributing to survival in arid lands. The low urine volumes normally voided by the camel are reduced further under dehydration and a relatively high total osmolarity (. the concentration of solutes) is further increased (Table 22). In relation to its body weight the camel passes very little urine, even when it has free access to water, and the total amount rarely exceeds five litres/day. In addition, the camel has another peculiarity . it urinates frequently, a small volume each time, indicating that the camel bladder.
