Policies on breeding and crossbreeding often vary across countries and are prone to change within country at each election of a new government. Tepid and variable commitments of government to long term breeding programmes have been identified as an additional constraint in sustainability of genetic improvement. Little coordination and poor linkage among government agencies and other stakeholders, little access to technologies and meagre training on animal breeding for technicians has influenced the rate of genetic gain further. Necessity of conserving local genetic resources is yet to be considered in many countries. Breed conservation should be recognized realizing that some valuable.
