The concept of technological capabilities, conceived by ROSENBERG (1974), encompasses the knowledge and know-how of the development of new processes and products. Empirical stud- ies support the hypothesis that technological capabilities are decisive determinants of innova- tion cost. They are thus important factors for innovation decisions (COHEN, 1995) and rele- vant for both cleaner production and end-of-pipe technologies. JANZ et al. (2003) find evi- dence that private R&D activities are decisive internal push factors for innovation activities, especially for knowledge-intensive sectors. Financial resources and skilled employees (CZARNITZKI, 2002), R&D activities, especially activities dedicated to environmental issues, and the support of organizational structures,.
