Apart from country and industry-specific differences, the determinants of our estima- tion results 3 do not show any difference between the two innovation decisions (see Table 4). In short, the determinants of product and process innovations appear to be quite similar. This outcome might be explained by the fact that there is a wide overlap between these two types of innovations, which becomes obvious when taking a closer look at the European Commis- sion’s definition of product-integrated environmental innovations. According to this definition (see EC 2001 and 2003), environmental product innova- tions include process changes “from cradle to grave”, in other words, an improvement.
