Two-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOV A) As shown in Table 8, for English listening comprehension, learners in the double mode group outperformed learners in the single mode group. For cognitive load, learners receiving single mode encountered a higher level than learners receiving double mode. As shown in Table 9, Wilk’s lambda showed a significant result, indicating that learners in both groups had significant differences in at least one dependent variable (English listening comprehension or cognitive load). The analysis of two-way MANCOVA, with covariance of English listening proficiency, showed .
