An array is a series of elements of the same type placed in contiguous memory locations that can be individually referenced by adding an index to a unique identifier. That means that, for example, we can store 5 values of type int in an array without having to declare 5 different variables, each one with a different identifier. | Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline Introduction Arrays Declaring Arrays Examples Using Arrays Passing Arrays to Functions Sorting Arrays Case Study: Computing Mean, Median and Mode Using Arrays Searching Arrays: Linear Search and Binary Search Multiple-Subscripted Arrays Introduction Arrays Structures of related data items Static entity (same size throughout program) A few types Pointer-based arrays (C-like) Arrays as objects (C++) Arrays Array Consecutive group of memory locations Same name and type (int, char, etc.) To refer to an element Specify array name and position number (index) Format: arrayname[ position number ] First element at position 0 N-element array c c[ 0 ], c[ 1 ] c[ n - 1 ] Nth element as position N-1 Arrays Array elements like other variables Assignment, printing for an integer array c c[ 0 ] = 3; cout Arrays c[6] -45 6 0 72 1543 | Chapter 4 - Arrays Outline Introduction Arrays Declaring Arrays Examples Using Arrays Passing Arrays to Functions Sorting Arrays Case Study: Computing Mean, Median and Mode Using Arrays Searching Arrays: Linear Search and Binary Search Multiple-Subscripted Arrays Introduction Arrays Structures of related data items Static entity (same size throughout program) A few types Pointer-based arrays (C-like) Arrays as objects (C++) Arrays Array Consecutive group of memory locations Same name and type (int, char, etc.) To refer to an element Specify array name and position number (index) Format: arrayname[ position number ] First element at position 0 N-element array c c[ 0 ], c[ 1 ] c[ n - 1 ] Nth element as position N-1 Arrays Array elements like other variables Assignment, printing for an integer array c c[ 0 ] = 3; cout Arrays c[6] -45 6 0 72 1543 -89 0 62 -3 1 6453 78 Name of array (Note that all elements of this array have the same name, c) c[0] c[1] c[2] c[3] c[11] c[10] c[9] c[8] c[7] c[5] c[4] Position number of the element within array c Declaring Arrays When declaring arrays, specify Name Type of array Any data type Number of elements type arrayName[ arraySize ]; int c[ 10 ]; // array of 10 integers float d[ 3284 ]; // array of 3284 floats Declaring multiple arrays of same type Use comma separated list, like regular variables int b[ 100 ], x[ 27 ]; Examples Using Arrays Initializing arrays For loop Set each element Initializer list Specify each element when array declared int n[ 5 ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; If not enough initializers, rightmost elements 0 If too many syntax error To set every element to same value int n[ 5 ] = { 0 }; If array size omitted, initializers determine size int n[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; 5 initializers, therefore 5 element array (1 of 2) 1 // Fig. : .
