The issue of eco-effi ciency has continued to gain prominence in Latin America and the Caribbean. Latin America is the most urbanized region in the world, with approximately 76% of its population living in urban areas. With cities growing so rapidly, the region is at an important crossroads in terms of urban development and its future will depend heavily upon the real, long-term sustainability of urban systems. The adoption of eco- effi ciency as a core urban value will require a thoroughgoing change in the way cities function and develop. This will hinge upon cohesive decision-making which.