Eco-effi ciency basically means “doing more with less”. It is a management philosophy that encourages municipalities, communities and businesses to seek out environmental improvements that generate parallel economic benefi ts. 1 Social inclusiveness refers to treating all people in a city equally in their access to work and services, such as public transport and health care. “Inclusive” generally refers to planning and decision-making processes that include a broad range of people from across a city, ranging from experts to ordinary residents, with the aim of considering their inputs and reaching mutual agreement. .
