Publication of this book is a milestone for the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council. It demonstrates the Council's unique capacity to bring together water and sanitation professionals from industrialised and developing countries to formulate practical guidance on a key issue of the day. Industrialised countries have extensive experience of the problems caused by water pollution and the strategies and technologies available to control it. In the developing world, although pollution is increasing rapidly with urbanisation and industrialisation, most countries have very limited experience of pollution control measures or of the institutional and legislative frameworks needed to make such measures effective. On the other hand, the Collaborative Council's developing.