The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has issued a number of Guidelines aimed at the evaluation and mitigation of risks associated with catastrophic events in facilities handling chemicals. The purpose of this book is to shift the emphasis on process safety to the earliest stages of the design where process safety issues can be addressed at the lowest cost and with the greatest effect. | Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety CENTER FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS SAFETY of the AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS 345 East 47th Street New York New York 10017 Copyright 1993 American Institute of Chemical Engineers 345 East 47th Street New York New York 10017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Library of Congress Cataloging-in Publication Data Guidelines for engineering design for process safety p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8169-0565-7 1. Chemical engineering Safety measures I. American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Center for Chemical Process Safety. 1993 660 .2804 dc20 93-3154 CIP This book is available at a special discount when ordered in bulk quantities. For information contact the Center for Chemical Process Safety at the address shown above. It is sincerely hoped that the information presented in this volume will lead to an even more impressive safety record for the entire industry however neither the American Institute of Chemical Engineers its consultants CCPS and I or its sponsors its subcommittee members their employers nor their employers officers and directors warrant or represent expressly or implied the correctness or accuracy of the content of the information presented in this conference nor can they accept liability or responsibility whatsoever for the consequences of its use or misuse by anyone. Contents List of Tables . xi List of Figures . xiii Preface . xvii Glossary . xxi Acronyms and Abbreviations . xxix 1. Introduction . 1 Objective . 1 Scope . 1 Applicability . 2 Organization of This Book . 2 References . 4 2. Inherently Safer Plants . 5 Introduction . 5 Intensification . 11 Substitution . 17 Attenuation . 21 Limitation .
