In digital signal processing, manipulating of the signal is defined as an essentially mathematical procedure, while the AD and DA converters, the front end and the final stage devices of the processing, include analog factor/limitation. Therefore, the performance of the devices determines the degradation fromthe theoretical performance defined by the format of the system. | Kenzo Akagiri et. Al. Sony Systems. 2000 CRC Press LLC. http . Sony Systems Kenzo Akagiri Sony Corporation Tokyo Sony Corporation Kanagawa H. Yamauchi Sony Corporation Kanagawa E. Saito Sony Corporation Kanagawa M. Kohut Sony Corporation California Masayuki Nishiguchi Sony Corporation Tokyo K. Tsutsui Sony Corporation Tokyo Introduction Oversampling AD and DA Conversion Principle Concept Actual Converters References The SDDS System for Digitizing Film Sound Film Format Playback System for Digital Sound The SDDS Error Correction Technique Features of the SDDS System Switched Predictive Coding of Audio Signals for the CD-I and CD-ROM XA Format Abstract Coder Scheme Applications References ATRAC Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding and ATRAC 2 ATRAC ATRAC2 References Introduction Kenzo Akagiri In digital signal processing manipulating of the signal is defined as an essentially mathematical procedure while the AD and DA converters the front end and the final stage devices of the processing include analog factor limitation. Therefore the performance of the devices determines the degradation from the theoretical performance defined by the format of the system. Until the 1970s AD and DA converters with around 16-bit resolution which were fabricated by module or hybrid technology were very expensive devices for industry applications. At the beginning of the 1980s the CD compact disk player the first mass-production digital audio product was introduced and required low cost and monolithic type DA converters with 16-bit resolution. The two-step dual slope method 1 and the DEM Dynamic Element Matching 2 method were 1999 by CRC Press LLC used in the first generation DA converters for CD players. These were methods which relieved the accuracy and matching requirements of the elements to guarantee conversion accuracy by circuit technology. Introducing new ideas on circuit and trimming like segment decode and laser .
