This book is dedicated in memory of my father, Kenneth Owen Arnold, who always encouraged me to follow my dreams. When other adults discouraged me from entering the engineering field, he told me, “If you really like what you’re doing and you’re good at it, you will be successful.” Nowadays I get paid to have fun doing things I’d do for free anyway, so that meets my definition of success! Thanks, Dad. | A Volume in the Embedded Technology Series Embedded Controller Hardware Design by Ken Arnold ii Embedded Control Hardware Design 2001 by LLH Technology Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means whatsoever without permission in writing from the publisher. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. ISBN 1-878707-52-3 Library of Congress Control Number 00-135391 Printed in the United States of America 10 987654321 Project management and developmental editing Harry Helms LLH Technology Publishing Interior design and production services Greg Calvert Model CO Cover design Sergio Villareal Vista CA LLH Technology Publishing iii Dedication This book is dedicated in memory of my father Kenneth Owen Arnold who always encouraged me to follow my dreams. When other adults discouraged me from entering the engineering field he told me If you really like what you re doing and you re good at it you will be successful. Nowadays I get paid to have fun doing things I d do for free anyway so that meets my definition of success Thanks .