In this chapter you will know that it is a way that some organism can use acetyl-CoA to synthesize carbohydrates. Know why organisms without this pathway can not do this. Know where malate synthase and isocitrate lyase by-pass the decarboxylation steps of TCA. Be able to recognize the intermediates of the glyoxlate cycle and know where they fit into the TCA cycle and where they feed into gluconeogenesis,. | Chapter 13 (part 1) Additional Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Hormonal Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism Effect of glucagon and epinephrine on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Pyruvate Carboxylase PEP Carboxykinase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Glucose-6-Phosphatase Oxidative Stage Non-oxidative Stage | Chapter 13 (part 1) Additional Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Hormonal Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism Effect of glucagon and epinephrine on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Pyruvate Carboxylase PEP Carboxykinase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Glucose-6-Phosphatase Oxidative Stage Non-oxidative . | Chapter 13 (part 1) Additional Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Hormonal Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism Effect of glucagon and epinephrine on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Pyruvate Carboxylase PEP Carboxykinase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Glucose-6-Phosphatase Oxidative Stage Non-oxidative . | Chapter 13 (part 1) Additional Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Hormonal Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism Effect of glucagon and epinephrine on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Pyruvate Carboxylase PEP Carboxykinase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Glucose-6-Phosphatase Oxidative Stage Non-oxidative Stage | Chapter 13 (part 1) Additional Pathways in Carbohydrate Metabolism Hormonal Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism Effect of glucagon and epinephrine on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Effect of insulin on glycogen phosphorylase glycogen synthase activities Pyruvate Carboxylase PEP Carboxykinase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Glucose-6-Phosphatase Oxidative Stage Non-oxidative Stage