(BQ) Part 2 book "Elsevier's integrated review pharmacology" presentation of content: Cardiovascular system, renal system, inflammatory disorders, gastrointestinal pharmacology, endocrine pharmacology, central nervous system. | Cardiovascular System CONTENTS PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION Diuretics b-Blockers Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists Renin Inhibitors a1-Receptor Blockers Calcium Channel Blockers Centrally Acting a2-Agonists Vasodilators Summary PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF STABLE ANGINA Nitrates: Partial Fatty Acid Oxidation Inhibitor Summary PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF HEART FAILURE Positive Inotropes Summary PHARMACOTHERAPY OF ANTIARRHYTHMICS Class I: Sodium Channel Blockers Class II: b-Blockers Class III: Potassium Channel Blockers Class IV: Calcium Channel Blockers Other Antiarrhythmics Summary HYPERLIPIDEMIAS Statins Fibrates Ezetimibe Bile Acid Sequestrants (Resins) Niacin Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters (Fish Oil) Summary COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE TOP FIVE LIST The cardiovascular system is more than just the curve, that is, the Frank-Starling curve—which states that the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is proportional to cardiac output. In more clinical terms, pathologies that result in altered cardiac output, because of changes in stroke volume or heart rate, can be treated with drugs that affect hemodynamic parameters that control left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, such as 8 preload and afterload. However, drugs that regulate hemodynamic parameters are often ineffective and do not prolong life in patients with failing hearts. In reality, with the cardiovascular system it is all about making the failing heart more effective (., moving the Frank-Starling curve upward and to the left). This can be accomplished pharmacologically by increasing myocardial contractility through positive inotropes as well as by reducing inefficient cardiac hypertrophy via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). Pathologies that compromise cardiac output include hypertension, .
