(BQ) Part 2 book "Pilbeam's mechanical ventilation - Physiological and clinical applications" presentation of content: Improving oxygenation and management of acute respiratory distress syndrome, ventilator associated pneumonia, extrapulmonary effects of mechanical ventilation, extrapulmonary effects of mechanical ventilation,. and other contents. | CHAPTER 13 CHAPTER 13 Improving Oxygenation and Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Improving Oxygenation and Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome OUTLINE BASICS OF OXYGENATION USING FIO2, PEEP STUDIES, AND PRESSURE–VOLUME CURVES FOR ESTABLISHING OPTIMUM PEEP Basics of Oxygen Delivery to the Tissues Evaluating PaO2, SpO2, and FIO2 in Ventilator Patients Adjusting FIO2 Selection of FIO2 or Adjustment of Mean Airway Pressures Introduction to Positive End-Expiratory Pressure and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Pathophysiology of Atelectasis Goals of PEEP and CPAP Terminology Technical Aspects of PEEP and CPAP Devices Application of CPAP and PEEP to the Patient’s Airway Circuitry for Spontaneous CPAP with Freestanding Systems and Mechanical Ventilators Peep Ranges Minimum or Low PEEP Optimum PEEP Indications for Peep and CPAP Initiating Peep Therapy Selecting the Appropriate PEEP/CPAP Level (Optimum PEEP) Use of Pulmonary Vascular Pressure Monitoring with PEEP Contraindications and Physiological Effects of PEEP Contraindications for PEEP Pulmonary Effects of PEEP Transmission of Airway Pressure to Pleural Space Uses of PEEP for Problems Other Than ARDS Weaning from PEEP ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME Pathophysiology Changes in Computed Tomogram with ARDS ARDS as an Inflammatory Process Two Categories of ARDS ARDS: A Heterogeneous Disorder—Normal Lung vs. ARDS PEEP and the Vertical Gradient in ARDS Lung-Protective Strategies: Setting Tidal Volume and Pressures in ARDS Long-Term Follow-Up on ARDS Pressure–Volume Loops and Recruitment Maneuvers in Setting PEEP in ARDS Patient Evaluation for Lung Recruitment Pressure–Volume Loops in Setting PEEP Recruitment Maneuvers Derecruitment Maneuver Summary of Recruitment Maneuvers in ARDS The Importance of Body Position During Positive Pressure Ventilation Positioning in a Patient with ARDS: Prone Positioning Patient Position in Unilateral Lung Disease ADDITIONAL PATIENT CASES Summary KEY .
