Chapter 34 - HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-borne pathogens. This chapter expands on the OSHA Blood-borne Pathogen Standard and explains how you should reduce your risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. You will learn about HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-borne infections, about reporting guidelines, and about educating patients on minimizing the risk of transmission. You will also be introduced to issues associated with terminal illnesses such as AIDS. | 34 HIV, Hepatitis, and Other Blood-Borne Pathogens 34- Learning Outcomes Describe ways in which blood-borne pathogens can be transmitted. Explain why strict adherence to Universal Precautions is essential in preventing the spread of infection. Describe the symptoms of hepatitis and AIDS. List and describe the blood tests used to diagnose HIV infection. 34- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Identify chronic disorders often found in patients who have AIDS. Compare and contrast drugs used to treat AIDS/HIV infection. Describe the symptoms of infection by other common blood-borne pathogens. 34- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the steps involved in reporting a communicable disease. Explain how to educate patients about minimizing the risks of transmitting blood-borne infections to others. Describe special issues you may encounter when dealing with patients who have terminal illnesses. 34- Introduction Chapter 34 | 34 HIV, Hepatitis, and Other Blood-Borne Pathogens 34- Learning Outcomes Describe ways in which blood-borne pathogens can be transmitted. Explain why strict adherence to Universal Precautions is essential in preventing the spread of infection. Describe the symptoms of hepatitis and AIDS. List and describe the blood tests used to diagnose HIV infection. 34- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Identify chronic disorders often found in patients who have AIDS. Compare and contrast drugs used to treat AIDS/HIV infection. Describe the symptoms of infection by other common blood-borne pathogens. 34- Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the steps involved in reporting a communicable disease. Explain how to educate patients about minimizing the risks of transmitting blood-borne infections to others. Describe special issues you may encounter when dealing with patients who have terminal illnesses. 34- Introduction Chapter 34 expands on OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogen Standard How to reduce your risk of exposure HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-borne infections Reporting guidelines Educating patients Issues associated with terminal illnesses such as AIDS 34- Transmission of Blood-Borne Pathogens Blood-borne pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms carried in the host’s blood. Transmission occurs from one host to another through contact with infected Blood Tissue Body fluids Mucous membranes 34- Transmission (cont.) Cerebrospinal fluid Synovial fluid Pleural fluid Peritoneal fluid Pericardial fluid Amniotic fluid Identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Transmission agents for blood-borne diseases Blood Blood products Human tissue Semen Vaginal secretions Saliva from dental procedures 34- Transmission (cont.) Transmission agent only if there is visible blood Feces Nasal secretions Perspiration Sputum Tears Urine Vomitus Saliva 34- Transmission (cont.)
