Lecture Microbiology - Chapter 16: Innate host defenses. This chapter presents the following content: Host defenses, types of innate defense, barriers, cellular defenses - granulocytes, cellular defenses - agranulocytes, cells found in the blood, phagocytosis, stages of phagocytosis, inflammation,. | INNATE HOST DEFENSES CHAPTER 16 Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Host Defenses Innate – Prior stimulation not needed (non-specific) – Often needed to trigger adaptive defenses Adaptive – Respond after stimulation by the pathogen or agent (specific defenses, immune response) Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Types of Innate Defense Physical Barriers Inflammation Response Chemical Barriers Fever Response Molecular defenses Cellular Defenses – Interferon – Complement – Acute Phase proteins Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Barriers Physical Skin – Stratified – Close intercellular junctions – Waterproof, dead cells Mucous membranes – Simple epithelium – Mucus layer Mechanical defenses – Urine flow – Secretions Chemical – pH – Salt – Lysozyme Transferrin – Serum Lactoferrin – Saliva, milk, mucus Defensins – Mucus and Extracellular fluid – Lyse microbial cells Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Cellular Defenses - Granulocytes Basophils / Mast cells – Histamine release – Inflammatory response Eosinophils – Modulate inflammation – Peroxide release Neutrophils – Early phagocytic cells – Peroxide release Dendritic cells – Phagocytic – Antigen presenting cells, role in adaptive immunity Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights .
