Lecture Marine environmental studies - Topic: Chemical aspects of the ocean. In this topic, the following content will be discussed: Effects of water on land, physical weathering, is there any difference between weathering and erosion? Biological characteristics of the ocean,. | CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE OCEAN Gohoho Emmanuel Sena Effects of water on land Number of processing occurs when it rains WEATHERING 2 types Physical and Chemical weathering Physical weathering It involves the breakdown of large rocks, boulders, pebbles and finally to dust It occurs through a number of ways Water enters into cracks and opens them out resulting into the breakdown of rocks As a result of heating and cooling resulting in expansion and contrasting The scouring action of air borne gas The grinding action of glaciers Roots of plants growing into cracks may put pressure on the surrounding rock, eventually breaking rocks apart as the roots grow. Forest and range fires can cause rocks that are located along the surface of the ground to weather. 3 Chemical weathering Rain water leaches soluble salt and other chemicals out of the rocks and carry these chemicals away into the rivers and eventually into the ocean. The average salinity of the sea water is about 35% Is there any . | CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE OCEAN Gohoho Emmanuel Sena Effects of water on land Number of processing occurs when it rains WEATHERING 2 types Physical and Chemical weathering Physical weathering It involves the breakdown of large rocks, boulders, pebbles and finally to dust It occurs through a number of ways Water enters into cracks and opens them out resulting into the breakdown of rocks As a result of heating and cooling resulting in expansion and contrasting The scouring action of air borne gas The grinding action of glaciers Roots of plants growing into cracks may put pressure on the surrounding rock, eventually breaking rocks apart as the roots grow. Forest and range fires can cause rocks that are located along the surface of the ground to weather. 3 Chemical weathering Rain water leaches soluble salt and other chemicals out of the rocks and carry these chemicals away into the rivers and eventually into the ocean. The average salinity of the sea water is about 35% Is there any difference between weathering and erosion? Principles of existence of constant salt in the ocean Two principles Principles of constant composition Principles of steady state ocean Principles of constant composition It states that the concentration of the major ions of sea water are in constant ratio. The major constitutes are those which have measurable contribution to salinity and they have concentration of not less than 1mg/kg. Major ions are those which behave consecutively. These includes sodium ion Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+ , Cl-, So42-, F-, Br- (cations: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+,) ( anions: Cl-, So42-, F-, Br-) The minor constituents have concentration less than 1mg/kg. they include Fe, CO, n, cu, ZN, Cd, Hg, Pb, Mn. This does not include dissolve gases, nutrients, radioactive, etc. Selected dissolved materials in 35% seawater Principles of Steady State Ocean It states that the rate at which natural chemical are added to the sea water is equal to the rate at which they are removed from the .
