This chapter describe the contributions made by Garrod, Beadle, and Tatum to our understanding of the relationship between genes and enzymes; briefly explain how information flows from gene to protein; compare transcription and translation in bacteria and eukaryotes; explain what it means to say that the genetic code is redundant and unambiguous. | Chapter 17 Warm-Up Explain the contribution that Beadle and Tatum made to understanding the role of DNA. Compare and contrast DNA to RNA. What is the difference between replication, transcription and translation? Chapter 17 Warm-Up Describe the steps in transcription. Contrast transcription in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes. How many nucleotides are in an mRNA molecule to code for a protein with 200 amino acids? Chapter 17 Warm-Up How does mRNA differ from pre-mRNA? What is the difference between introns and exons? Describe how spliceosomes modify mRNA. Chapter 17 Warm-Up Describe the steps of translation. If the DNA sequence is: 3’ T A C G A T C A G 5’ the cDNA would be: the mRNA is: the tRNA is: the amino acid sequence is: How does the cell determine the ultimate destination of a polypeptide being synthesized? Chapter 17 Warm-Up What is a frameshift mutation? How can they impact protein synthesis? Contrast a missense vs. nonsense mutation. Chapter 17 Warm-Up Refer to page 327. Fill in the chart comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression: Prokaryotes Eukaryotes From Gene to Protein Chapter 17 What you need to know: The key terms: gene expression, transcription, and translation. The major events of transcription. How eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription. The steps to translation. How point mutations can change the amino acid sequence of a protein. Concept : Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation Gene Expression: process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins (or RNAs) Old idea: one gene-one enzyme hypothesis Proposed by Beadle & Tatum – mutant mold experiments Function of a gene = dictate production of specific enzyme Newer idea: one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis Most accurate: one gene-one RNA molecule (which can be translated into a polypeptide) Flow of genetic information Central Dogma: DNA RNA protein Transcription: DNA RNA Translation: RNA protein Ribosome = site of translation Flow of Genetic . | Chapter 17 Warm-Up Explain the contribution that Beadle and Tatum made to understanding the role of DNA. Compare and contrast DNA to RNA. What is the difference between replication, transcription and translation? Chapter 17 Warm-Up Describe the steps in transcription. Contrast transcription in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes. How many nucleotides are in an mRNA molecule to code for a protein with 200 amino acids? Chapter 17 Warm-Up How does mRNA differ from pre-mRNA? What is the difference between introns and exons? Describe how spliceosomes modify mRNA. Chapter 17 Warm-Up Describe the steps of translation. If the DNA sequence is: 3’ T A C G A T C A G 5’ the cDNA would be: the mRNA is: the tRNA is: the amino acid sequence is: How does the cell determine the ultimate destination of a polypeptide being synthesized? Chapter 17 Warm-Up What is a frameshift mutation? How can they impact protein synthesis? Contrast a missense vs. nonsense mutation. Chapter 17 Warm-Up Refer to page 327. Fill in .
