Lecture AP Biology - Chapter 35: Plant structure, growth, and development. After completing this chapter, students will be able to: The function of xylem and phloem tissue, the anatomy of a leaf, the anatomy of a root. | Ch. 35 Warm-Up Draw and label the 3 main organs of a plant. What are 3 ways that plant cells differ from animal cells? Most H2O and minerals taken up from the soil by a plant are absorbed by _. The main photosynthetic organs of a plant are the _. Ch. 35 Warm-Up List the 3 types of plant tissues. What is the function of each type? What are meristems? Where are they located in a plant? What effect does “pinching back” a house plant have on the plant? Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development What you must know The function of xylem and phloem tissue. The anatomy of a leaf The anatomy of a root Introduction to Plants Kingdom: Plantae Cell wall Autotroph (photosynthesis) Multicellular Angiosperms (flowering plants) ~90% plants Produce seeds within a fruit Key adaptations: flowers & fruits Plant Organization Above ground Stems, leaves Underground (usually) Roots Shoot system Root system I. Plant Organs A. Roots Anchors plant, absorbs H2O & minerals, stores sugars/starches Root hairs – tiny extensions of epidermal cells, increase surface area for H2O and mineral absorption Mycorrhizae: fungus + plant root symbiotic relationship Root hairs Fibrous Root (scallion) Taproot (carrot) Fibrous Roots Mat of thin roots spread just below surface Shallow Increased surface area Taproots One thick, vertical root Many lateral (branch) roots Firmly anchors Stores food Modified Roots Mangrove Forest in Florida B. Stems Function: display leaves Terminal bud: growth concentrated at top end of stem Secretes hormone to prevent growth of axillary buds; growth directed upward, toward light Axillary buds – located in V between leaf and stem; forms branches (lateral shoots) Pinching/pruning – removing terminal bud Modified stems Runner or stolin Aspen, strawberries, grass Grow on surface For asexual reproduction Rhizome Iris, ginger, potato, onion Grow underground Store food & DNA for new plant Tuber: end of rhizome Bulb – underground shoot Onion storage leaves C. . | Ch. 35 Warm-Up Draw and label the 3 main organs of a plant. What are 3 ways that plant cells differ from animal cells? Most H2O and minerals taken up from the soil by a plant are absorbed by _. The main photosynthetic organs of a plant are the _. Ch. 35 Warm-Up List the 3 types of plant tissues. What is the function of each type? What are meristems? Where are they located in a plant? What effect does “pinching back” a house plant have on the plant? Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development What you must know The function of xylem and phloem tissue. The anatomy of a leaf The anatomy of a root Introduction to Plants Kingdom: Plantae Cell wall Autotroph (photosynthesis) Multicellular Angiosperms (flowering plants) ~90% plants Produce seeds within a fruit Key adaptations: flowers & fruits Plant Organization Above ground Stems, leaves Underground (usually) Roots Shoot system Root system I. Plant Organs A. Roots Anchors plant, absorbs H2O & minerals, stores .
