Chapter 12 - File management. After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Describe the basic concepts of files and file systems, understand the principal techniques for file organization and access, explain file directories,. | Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles Chapter 12 File Management Seventh Edition By William Stallings Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles If there is one singular characteristic that makes squirrels unique among small mammals it is their natural instinct to hoard food. Squirrels have developed sophisticated capabilities in their hoarding. Different types of food are stored in different ways to maintain quality. Mushrooms, for instance, are usually dried before storing. This is done by impaling them on branches or leaving them in the forks of trees for later retrieval. Pine cones, on the other hand, are often harvested while green and cached in damp conditions that keep seeds from ripening. Gray squirrels usually strip outer husks from walnuts before storing. — SQUIRRELS: A WILDLIFE HANDBOOK, Kim Long Files Data collections created by users The File System is one of the most important parts of the OS to a user Desirable properties of files: File Systems Provide a means to store data organized as files as well as a collection of functions that can be performed on files Maintain a set of attributes associated with the file Typical operations include: Create Delete Open Close Read Write File .