Chapter 3 - Prenatal development and birth. This chapter chronicles the truly remarkable developments from conception through birth. Imagine . . . at one time you were an organism floating in a sea of fl uid in your mother’s womb. Let’s now explore what your development was like from the time you were conceived through the time you were born. | Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Prenatal development is divided into 3 periods lasting approximately 38-40 weeks: Germinal period: first 2 weeks after conception Implantation Embryonic period: 2 to 8 weeks after conception Organogenesis Fetal period: 2 months after conception until birth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 2004 1990 Percentage Non-Latino White women African American women Latino women Percentage of . Women Using Timely Prenatal Care: 1990 to 2004 Childbirth Setting and Attendants: In the . 99% of deliveries take place in hospitals In the . 8% of births are attended by a midwife In some countries, doulas provide continuous physical, emotional, and educational support for mothers before, during, and after childbirth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Postpartum period lasts about six weeks or until the mother’s body has completed its adjustment and has returned to a nearly pre-pregnant state Physical Adjustments: Fatigue Loss of Sleep Hormone changes Involution: the uterus returns to its pre-pregnant size ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional and Psychological Adjustments Emotional fluctuations are common 70% of new mothers in the . experience postpartum blues usually for 1-2 weeks Postpartum Depression Sadness, anxiety, and despair that lasts for two or more weeks Antidepressants, psychotherapy, and exercise are used as treatments Support by fathers is related to a lower incidence of postpartum depression in women ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. | Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Prenatal development is divided into 3 periods lasting approximately 38-40 weeks: Germinal period: first 2 weeks after conception Implantation Embryonic period: 2 to 8 weeks after conception Organogenesis Fetal period: 2 months after conception until birth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 2004 1990 Percentage Non-Latino White women African American women Latino women Percentage of . Women Using Timely Prenatal Care: 1990 to 2004 Childbirth Setting and Attendants: In the . 99% of deliveries take place in hospitals In the . 8% of births are attended by a midwife In some countries, doulas provide continuous physical, emotional, and educational support for mothers before, during, and after childbirth ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Postpartum period lasts about six weeks or until the mother’s body has completed its adjustment and has returned to a nearly pre-pregnant state Physical Adjustments: Fatigue Loss of Sleep Hormone changes Involution: the uterus returns to its pre-pregnant size ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Emotional and Psychological Adjustments Emotional fluctuations are common 70% of new mothers in the . experience postpartum blues usually for 1-2 weeks Postpartum Depression Sadness, anxiety, and despair that lasts for two or more weeks Antidepressants, psychotherapy, and exercise are used as treatments Support by fathers is related to a lower incidence of postpartum depression in women ©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
