Prospect of the lesson DC (integrating) and pulse (differential) operation modes of detectors, Spectrum, Dead time, Energy resolution, pile-up effects, escape effect, efficiency of the detection, response function, statistic of counting,.invite you to refer | Outlook of the lesson General properties of radiation detectors, statistics DC (integrating) and pulse (differential) operation modes of detectors Spectrum Dead time Nuclear measuring methods Energy resolution Lecture 3 Pile-up effects Dr. Imre Szalóki Escape effect associate professor Head of Department of Nuclear Energetics Efficiency of the detection Response function Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques (BME NTI) Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 3 Statistic of counting 1 Dr. Imre Szalóki BME NTI Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 3 Current mode of operation Current and pulse operation modes Photon/particle in the detector 2 Dr. Imre Szalóki BME NTI electric charges detector I(t) I(t) Amount of charges proportional to the energy of photon/particle Collection of charges (ion chamber ~ ms, semiconductor ~ ns) Current pulse on the output of the detector I0 amplification Idő (t) I(t) tc I (t ) = ∫ I (t )d t Time I(t) Time 0 tc = collection time R Uin Time Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 3 C Uout tc Time Dr. Imre Szalóki BME NTI 3 U in Q − R RC T T Q 1 1 ⇒ U out = ∫ Idt ⇒ U out ≈ U in dt U out = RC ∫ C C0 0 Q U U τ = RC >> 1 → << in → I ≈ in RC R R U in = IR + Nuclear measuring methods Lecture 3 Q C ⇒ I= Dr. Imre Szalóki BME NTI 4 Pulse mode of operation Pulse height spectra Differential pulse height spectra tc << RC = τ Detector tc ∆N = ⇒ Q = ∫ Idt 0 dN dU Differential pulse height distribution U2 dN ∫ dU dU U1 Integral pulse height spectra ∞ dN dU dU 0 N0 = ∫ Measurement the quantity of the collected charge generated an individual photon or particle Counting curve generated by varying gain under constant source conditions Pulse height (U) N0 Integral pulse height distribution Observation of single photon/particle dN dU Shape of the signal provide information on the physical properties of detected photon/particle: type of .
