The Quran is written in Arabic, and the language’s flowing script is not just a way of writing, but also a form of art. Calligraphy grew in part because of religious restrictions on representational art and Muslim’s love of arabesque, the flowing repetition of multiplying and interlaced patterns, which represents the infinite. When created in calligraphy, a simple word or proverb can become an intricate, abstract design so complex as to be almost unreadable. In this lecture we will focus Pakistani calligraphers. | LECTURE. 14. Unit. 2. Course Code. AD 212 Art, craft and Architecture Introduction to Abstract Art Pakistani Artist Ahmad Parvez 1 SUMMERY OF Lecture 13. unit. 2. Introduction to Realism. (Pakistani artists) Anna Molka Ahmad Ali Imam, Iqbal Hussain, Khalid Iqbal In our lecture 13 unit. 2 we have discussed in detail Realism Movement in art in the world with the salient features of Realism. Then we discussed some Pakistani artists who worked according to Realism or with its combination of a modern style. We also discussed the work of great painter and pioneer of Fine arts in Pakistan. Her life and her work has been shown to make the students familiar with her work. 3 Ali Imam: the work and life of Ali Imam was also discussed in detail. Ali Imam who has produced beautiful paintings but also opened a significant school of art in Karachi. Iqbal Hussain: Iqbal Hussain’s realistic expressions of are depictions of his life experiences, which not only reflects his life but also his sensitivity and realistic approach in the depiction of women of Red light area. KHALID IQBAL: We also discussed the realistic impressionistic work of Khalid Iqbal. His landscapes of Punjab reflect his interest in the roots of Pakistan. He has painted simple landscapes with intricate details. The purpose of this lecture was to make the students familiar with the work of some artists of Pakistan. LECTURE. 14. UNIT. 2 Introduction to Abstraction. (Pakistani artist) Ahmad Pervaiz INTRODUCTION TO ABSTRACTION: "Of all the arts, abstract painting is the most difficult. It demands that you know how to draw well, that you have a heightened sensitivity for composition and for colours, and that you be a true poet. This last is essential." -- Wassily Kandinsky is a big name as far as abstract art is concerned. The great Cubists Picasso and Braque we have already discussed Wassily Kandinsky (1866 – 1944) was a Russian-French painter. His style of painting originally belonged to expressionism. A further . | LECTURE. 14. Unit. 2. Course Code. AD 212 Art, craft and Architecture Introduction to Abstract Art Pakistani Artist Ahmad Parvez 1 SUMMERY OF Lecture 13. unit. 2. Introduction to Realism. (Pakistani artists) Anna Molka Ahmad Ali Imam, Iqbal Hussain, Khalid Iqbal In our lecture 13 unit. 2 we have discussed in detail Realism Movement in art in the world with the salient features of Realism. Then we discussed some Pakistani artists who worked according to Realism or with its combination of a modern style. We also discussed the work of great painter and pioneer of Fine arts in Pakistan. Her life and her work has been shown to make the students familiar with her work. 3 Ali Imam: the work and life of Ali Imam was also discussed in detail. Ali Imam who has produced beautiful paintings but also opened a significant school of art in Karachi. Iqbal Hussain: Iqbal Hussain’s realistic expressions of are depictions of his life experiences, which not only reflects his life but also his sensitivity