In this chapter, students will be able to understand: Morpheme, free and bound morpheme, types of free morpheme: lexical and functional, types of bound morphemes: inflectional and derivational, item and arrangement morphological analysis and problems, morphs and allomorphs, aspects of morphology. | Morphology (2) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously . Morphology Word Morpheme Word and Morpheme Phoneme and Morpheme Lexeme and Morpheme Today’s Lecture Morpheme Free and Bound Morpheme Types of Free Morpheme: Lexical and Functional Types of Bound Morphemes: Inflectional and Derivational Item and Arrangement Morphological Analysis and Problems Morphs and Allomorphs Aspects of Morphology Types of Morphemes Morphemes are of two types: Free Morpheme: Morphemes that can occur on their own are free morphemes The basic or core morpheme in such cases is referred to as the stem, root, or base Bound Morpheme: Morphemes that cannot occur on their own are bound morphemes Referred as the add-ons or affixes Types of Morphemes Tourists Tour ist s (free) (bound) (bound) Types of Morphemes truthfulness truth ful ness (free) (bound) (bound) Types of Morphemes Unknowingly Un know ing ly (Bound) (Free) (Bound) (Bound) Types of Morphemes Bound and free morphemes: Free morphemes can occur on their own: Root words: happy, change, select, green, house, Bound morphemes can occur only if they are attached to other morphemes: Affixes : un-, -ness, -able, de-, -ive, -er, Types of Morphemes Morpheme Free Bound (root) (affix) Types of Morphemes Free Morphemes Roots and Stems A root is a lexical content morpheme that cannot be analyzed in to smaller parts Read in reread, ling in linguist, paint in painter When a root word is combined with an affix, it forms a stem Believe (root): Believe + able (stem) System (root): system + atic (stem) Types of Morphemes Roots and Stems for Semitic Languages: Semitic languages (Hebrew & Arabic) have a unique morphological system. Nouns and verbs are built on foundation of three consonants and one derives related words by varying the pattern of vowels and syllables. Example: root word for ‘write’ is ‘ktb’ katab ‘he wrote’ kaatib ‘writer’ Kitaab ‘book’ kutub ‘books’ Types of Morphemes Bound Morpheme Affix Bound morphemes or affixes are always part of other words and | Morphology (2) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously . Morphology Word Morpheme Word and Morpheme Phoneme and Morpheme Lexeme and Morpheme Today’s Lecture Morpheme Free and Bound Morpheme Types of Free Morpheme: Lexical and Functional Types of Bound Morphemes: Inflectional and Derivational Item and Arrangement Morphological Analysis and Problems Morphs and Allomorphs Aspects of Morphology Types of Morphemes Morphemes are of two types: Free Morpheme: Morphemes that can occur on their own are free morphemes The basic or core morpheme in such cases is referred to as the stem, root, or base Bound Morpheme: Morphemes that cannot occur on their own are bound morphemes Referred as the add-ons or affixes Types of Morphemes Tourists Tour ist s (free) (bound) (bound) Types of Morphemes truthfulness truth ful ness (free) (bound) (bound) Types of Morphemes Unknowingly Un know ing ly (Bound) (Free) (Bound) (Bound) Types of Morphemes Bound and free morphemes: Free morphemes can occur on their own: Root words:
