Ebook Health promotion in disease outbreaks and health emergencies: Part 2

Part 2 book “Health promotion in disease outbreaks and health emergencies” has contents: The global Ebola virus disease response, health promotion and person-to-person disease outbreaks, health promotion and vector-borne disease outbreaks, addressing rumour, resistance and security issues, the post-outbreak and emergency response. | 6 The global Ebola virus disease response KEY POINTS ●● ●● ●● ●● ●● The Ebola outbreak undermined already fragile national healthcare ­systems that were unprepared at almost every level to contain the disease. Local people must be fully involved in an outbreak response. Communities cannot intentionally empower themselves without first understanding the underlying causes of their powerlessness. Ebola preys on love for family and friends and leads to unsafe behaviours and resistance to efforts to change traditional practices. Community fears can be quickly alleviated when people are engaged and informed about the purpose of specific decisions. The outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa occurred between 2014 and 2016 and was the largest on record with an unprecedented number of reported cases (n = 28,616 at 9 August 2016) and deaths (n = 11,310 at 9 August 2016) (World Health Organization 2015c). The outbreak saw a rapid transmission of the disease within and across three countries: Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. The person-to-person mode of transmission also allowed the EVD to be spread through international travel to other countries such as to the United States. The imported cases provoked intense media coverage and public anxiety and heightened the reality of a risk to all countries. This ignited a global Ebola response although the disease never truly posed a global risk to public health. The Ebola outbreak undermined already fragile national healthcare systems that were unprepared at almost every level to contain the disease. The three affected countries, which had never experienced an Ebola ­outbreak, were unprepared at almost every level, from early detection to delivering an 81 82  The global Ebola virus disease response appropriate response. Ebola outbreaks have occurred in Africa in the past, for example, in Equatorial Africa when the spread of the disease had mainly been through healthcare facilities (Hewlett and Hewlett .

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