Part 2 book “High – Yield neuroanatomy” has contents: Trigeminal system, auditory system, vestibular system, visual system, limbic system, basal nuclei and extrapyramidal motor system, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, cross-sectional anatomy of the brain, neurotransmitters. | CHAPTER 10 Trigeminal System Objectives 1. List the central and peripheral components of the trigeminal system, including the location and function of the appropriate nuclei. 2. Describe the divisions of the trigeminal nerve, including the fiber types in each division and their targets. 3. Diagram the ascending trigeminothalamic pathways, including the constituent primary, secondary, and tertiary neurons. List all cranial nerves that utilize these pathways. I Introduction. The trigeminal system provides sensory innervation to the face, oral cavity, and supratentorial dura through general somatic afferent (GSA) fibers. It also innervates the muscles of mastication, tensors tympani and palati, anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid through special visceral efferent (SVE) fibers. II The Trigeminal Ganglion (semilunar or gasserian) contains pseudounipolar ganglion cells. It has three divisions: A. The ophthalmic nerve (cranial nerve CN V1) lies in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. It enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and innervates the forehead, dorsum of the nose, upper eyelid, orbit (cornea and conjunctiva), and cranial dura. The ophthalmic nerve mediates the afferent limb of the corneal reflex. B. The maxillary nerve (CN V2) lies in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and innervates the upper lip and cheek, lower eyelid, anterior portion of the temple, oral mucosa of the upper mouth, nose, pharynx, gums, teeth and palate of the upper jaw, and cranial dura. It exits the skull through the foramen rotundum. C. The mandibular nerve (CN V3) exits the skull through the foramen ovale. Its sensory (GSA) com- ponent innervates the lower lip and chin, posterior portion of the temple, external auditory meatus, and tympanic membrane, external ear, teeth of the lower jaw, oral mucosa of the cheeks and floor of the mouth, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, temporomandibular joint, and cranial dura. The motor (SVE) component of CN V .
