Part 2 book “The management of small renal masses” has contents: Open partial nephrectomy, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, other minimally invasive approaches, the future of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy, complications and their management, and other contents. | 8 Open Partial Nephrectomy M. Hammad Ather Abbreviations Key Messages BHD HRPC NSS OPN OS PFS PN RN SRM VHL Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome Hereditary papillary renal carcinoma Nephron-sparing surgery Open partial nephrectomy Overall survival Progression-free survival Partial nephrectomy Radical nephrectomy Small renal mass Von Hippel–Lindau • The three main goals of open partial nephrectomy (OPN) are complete removal of tumour, preservation of renal function and minimal perioperative complications. • Standardization of the surgical technique of open partial nephrectomy along with excellent oncological outcomes and reduced morbidity has contributed to its growing application around the world. • Preoperative and multidisciplinary care with nephrologist helps optimize renal function after partial nephrectomy. • To minimize renal injury, small tumours can be dissected without ischaemia using manual compression by the assistant. • OPN usually employs a flank, thoracoabdominal or subcostal incision, but a dorsal lumbotomy may also be used. M. Hammad Ather Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan e-mail: Introduction Over the last three decades, renal cell cancer is increasingly being diagnosed at a much earlier stage than in the past [1]. This owes primarily to the widespread use of ultrasound and CT. Technological improvements in imaging © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 K. Ahmed et al. (eds.), The Management of Small Renal Masses, 87 88 and its easy availability have led to the increasing identification of small renal mass (SRM). It is defined as an enhancing renal tumour T1a peripherally located tumours, Becker noted that 55 () had clear-cell pathology, the mean pathologic tumour size was cm (range, –10 cm) and less than 6% experienced disease recurrence at a median follow-up of years [15]. Functional Outcome The second important goal of performing .
