Chapter 8 - Research principles and evidence‐based practice. This chapter include objectives: Explain the importance of EMS research, distinguish between types of EMS research, outline 10 steps to perform research identified in this chapter, define evidence‐based practice, describe criteria to evaluate when reading a research paper. | 9/10/2012 1 Chapter 8 Research Principles and Evidence‐Based Practice 2 Learning Objectives • Explain the importance of EMS research. • Distinguish between types of EMS research. • Outline 10 steps to perform research identified in this chapter. 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/10/2012 Learning Objectives • Define evidence‐based practice. • Describe criteria to evaluate when reading a research paper. 4 EMS Research • Essential to continued evolution • Insight on intended effects, cost‐effectiveness – – – – – – – – – 2001, national EMS research agenda Ensure best possible care provided Data based, lead to changes Professional standards Training Equipment Procedures Improved patient care Increases EMS professional respect 5 Types of Research • Gathering research on which procedures, techniques, equipment are sound • Gathering research to answer clinically valuable questions, find results, make system improvements 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/10/2012 Standard Research Methods • Descriptive – Events monitored, analyzed without attempt to manipulate/alter outcome • Experimental – Intervention introduced, effects monitored for outcome • Prospective – Specific question, hypothesis, data collection defined before study begins 7 Standard Research Methods • Retrospective – Specific question, hypothesis, data collection defined after data already exists • Cross‐sectional – Group of subjects studied during specified period of time 8 Basic Principles of Research • Research steps – Prepare question – Write hypothesis – Decide what to measure, best way to measure it – Define population – Identify study limitations – Seek study approval – Obtain informed consent – Gather data after conducting pilot trials – Analyze data with awareness of pitfalls in interpreting data – Determine what to do with research product 9 Copyright © 2013
