In this chapter, you will learn: Explain what a drug is, identify the four types of drug names, explain the meaning of drug terms that are necessary to interpret information in drug references safely, outline drug standards and legislation and the enforcement agencies pertinent to the paramedic profession. | 9/10/2012 1 Chapter 15 Airway Management, Respiration, and Artificial Ventilation 2 Lesson Airway Anatomy and Mechanics of Respiration 3 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1 9/10/2012 Learning Objectives • Describe the anatomy of the airway and respiratory structures. • Distinguish between respiration, pulmonary ventilation, and external and internal respiration. 4 Learning Objectives • Explain the mechanics of ventilation and respiration. • Explain the relationship between partial pressures of gases in the blood and lungs to atmospheric gas pressures. 5 Airway Anatomy • Upper airway – All structures above glottis • Lower airway – All structures below glottis 6 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2 9/10/2012 7 Upper Airway • Two openings – Nose – Mouth • Nasopharynx – Air passes through from nose – Superior part of the pharynx 8 Upper Airway • Oropharynx – Air passes through from mouth – Extends to level of epiglottis • Uvula – Where nasopharynx ends, oropharynx begins 9 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 3 9/10/2012 Upper Airway • Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) – Extends from tip of epiglottis to glottis and esophagus – Opens into larynx, which lies in anterior neck 10 11 Larynx • Consists of outer casing of nine cartilages – Connect to each other by muscles, ligaments – Six of nine are paired – Three are unpaired 12 Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 4 9/10/2012 Larynx • Unpaired cartilages – Thyroid cartilage • Largest, most superior of cartilages • Also know as Adams apple – Cricoid cartilage • Most inferior cartilage • Only complete cartilage ring in larynx – Epiglottis 13 Larynx • Paired cartilages – Stacked in two pillars between cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage – Arytenoid cartilages – Corniculate cartilages – .
