The learning objectives for this chapter include: Explain the difference between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, describe the functions of the nervous system, describe the structure of a neuron, describe the function of a nerve impulse and how a nerve impulse is created,. | 31 The Urinary System Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Explain how nephrons filter blood and form urine. Learning Outcomes (cont.) Compare the locations, structures, and functions of the ureters, bladder, and urethra. Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various diseases and disorders of the urinary system. Introduction System functions to remove waste products from the blood Nephrons filter the blood and form the urine Urinary System Organs Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Learning Outcomes: Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Nephrons are microscopic structures within the kidneys that filter blood, remove waste products, and form urine. The Kidneys Maintain homeostasis Remove metabolic waste products Secrete hormones Erythropoietin Renin Retroperitoneal at level of lumbar vertebrae Kidneys Learning Outcomes: Describe the structure, . | 31 The Urinary System Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Explain how nephrons filter blood and form urine. Learning Outcomes (cont.) Compare the locations, structures, and functions of the ureters, bladder, and urethra. Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various diseases and disorders of the urinary system. Introduction System functions to remove waste products from the blood Nephrons filter the blood and form the urine Urinary System Organs Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Learning Outcomes: Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Nephrons are microscopic structures within the kidneys that filter blood, remove waste products, and form urine. The Kidneys Maintain homeostasis Remove metabolic waste products Secrete hormones Erythropoietin Renin Retroperitoneal at level of lumbar vertebrae Kidneys Learning Outcomes: Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Homeostasis – a balanced, stable state within the body Metabolic wastes are combined with water and ions to form urine, which is excreted from the body. Hormones secreted by the body Erythropoietin – stimulates the red bone marrow to produce red blood cells Renin – helps to regulate blood pressure. The kidneys Bean-shaped, reddish brown organs covered by tough, fibrous capsules. Retroperitoneal in position on either side of the vertebral column at about the level of the lumbar vertebrae Back Learning Outcomes: Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various diseases and disorders of the urinary system. The Kidneys (cont.) Renal sinus Concave depression on the kidney's surface Hilum Renal pelvis Expansion of the ureter Divides into calyces Kidney Learning Outcomes: Describe the structure, location, and functions of the kidney. Renal sinus – the surface area of the concave depression of the kidney Hilum – point of
