After studying this chapter you will be able to: Summarize the organs of the male reproductive system including the locations, structures, and functions of each; describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment of various disorders of the male reproductive system; summarize the organs of the female reproductive system including the locations, structures, and functions of each;. | 33 The Digestive System Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. Explain the functions of the digestive system’s accessory organs. Learning Outcomes (cont.) Identify the nutrients absorbed by the digestive system and where they are absorbed. Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various common diseases and disorders of the digestive system. Introduction Digestion – mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods Organs of digestion Alimentary canal organs form a pathway extending from the mouth to the anus Accessory organs Learning Outcome: Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into forms that the body cells can absorb. The digestive system’s organs carry out digestion are: Organs of the alimentary canal Accessory organs Mouth Teeth Pharynx Tongue Esophagus Salivary glands Stomach Liver | 33 The Digestive System Learning Outcomes (cont.) Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. Explain the functions of the digestive system’s accessory organs. Learning Outcomes (cont.) Identify the nutrients absorbed by the digestive system and where they are absorbed. Describe the causes, signs and symptoms, and treatments of various common diseases and disorders of the digestive system. Introduction Digestion – mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods Organs of digestion Alimentary canal organs form a pathway extending from the mouth to the anus Accessory organs Learning Outcome: Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into forms that the body cells can absorb. The digestive system’s organs carry out digestion are: Organs of the alimentary canal Accessory organs Mouth Teeth Pharynx Tongue Esophagus Salivary glands Stomach Liver Small intestine Gallbladder Large intestine Pancreas Anal canal Characteristics of the Alimentary Canal Mucosa Epithelial tissue Secretes enzymes and mucus Absorbs nutrients Submucosa – loose connective tissue, blood vessels, glands, and nerves Learning Outcome: Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. The wall of the alimentary canal consists of four layers. Mucosa – the innermost layer of the wall Submucosa Layer just outside the mucosa. Blood vessels carry away absorbed nutrients. Characteristics of the Alimentary Canal Muscular layer Smooth muscle Contracts to move materials through the canal Serosa or peritoneum Visceral peritoneum Parietal peritoneum Learning Outcome: Describe the organs of the alimentary canal and their functions. Muscular layer – lies between the submucosa and the canal’s outermost layer. Serosa - double-walled outermost layer of the canal Visceral peritoneum Innermost wall of the serosa Secretes serous fluid to
