This chapter presents the following content: Gender in feudal times, migration, history of human mobility and issues of urbanization. | Lecture 3 : Changing of life in Vietnam Gender, Migration and Urbanisation Lam Thi Thu Suu CSRD Gender in feudal times Vietnamese Women Tam Cương (3 loyalty) Loyal to the Emperor Piety toward Parents Faithful to Husband Gender in feudal times Tam Tòng (3 Obey) Tòng Phụ: To Father Tòng Phu: To Husband Tòng Tử: To Son Tứ Đức (4 sets of moral form) Công : Do many domestic things with good quality Dung: Neat and humble physical appreance Ngôn: Speech gently with refrain from violence and anger Hạnh: Inner beauty Gender in feudal times Men : Nam nhi, Đại trưởng phu When he is a child, he must look masculine When he is married, he must act as a great husband with breadwinner role Women’s role is at home Oldest son is crucial, making decision Gender in socialism (after 1945, before Doi moi) 3 đảm (3 responsibilities): Bearing children, earning living, and public servants during the war (Northern women) Women’s Union, Law on Marriage and Family “Equality of men and | Lecture 3 : Changing of life in Vietnam Gender, Migration and Urbanisation Lam Thi Thu Suu CSRD Gender in feudal times Vietnamese Women Tam Cương (3 loyalty) Loyal to the Emperor Piety toward Parents Faithful to Husband Gender in feudal times Tam Tòng (3 Obey) Tòng Phụ: To Father Tòng Phu: To Husband Tòng Tử: To Son Tứ Đức (4 sets of moral form) Công : Do many domestic things with good quality Dung: Neat and humble physical appreance Ngôn: Speech gently with refrain from violence and anger Hạnh: Inner beauty Gender in feudal times Men : Nam nhi, Đại trưởng phu When he is a child, he must look masculine When he is married, he must act as a great husband with breadwinner role Women’s role is at home Oldest son is crucial, making decision Gender in socialism (after 1945, before Doi moi) 3 đảm (3 responsibilities): Bearing children, earning living, and public servants during the war (Northern women) Women’s Union, Law on Marriage and Family “Equality of men and women”, Abolishing the discrimination of fuedal gendered norms “Progressive, happy and harmonious family” , Husband and wife are expected to be faithful, love and respect to each other to build an ideal family Women start to play productive role (working in factory, in the field, state owned companies, forestry cooperative, workshops, business shops ) Men start to share domestic work (notable men in the north) Gender in Doi Moi Gender equity law (2006): Equal opportunities for men and women for development Domestic Violence Prevention and Control (2007) Women are expected to lead role in nation building => Women do the triple role Gender issues in practice Husband over wife Violence More pressure for women in triple role Women’s under representation in leadership Low voice of women in decision making (home, society, gov.) Women have less access and control over resources and benefit More vulnerability to social and environmental impacts (land convert, climate change, water issues ) .
