The objective of this review is to highlight the morphology and habitats of this weed, and to present comprehensive information of the allelochemical constituents and pharmacological effects as well as its allelopathic interaction with rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on 115 worldwide literary resources reported over the last 40 years. | Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences ISSN 2588-1299 VJAS 2018; 1(1): 97-116 Allelopathy of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Weed: an Allelopathic Interaction with Rice (Oryza sativa) Tran Dang Khanh1, Khuat Huu Trung1, La Hoang Anh1, and Tran Dang Xuan2 1 Department of Genetic Engineering, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Km2 Pham Van Dong Road, North Tu Liem, Hanoi 123000, Vietnam 2 Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation (IDEC), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan Abstract Received: July 10, 2018 Accepted: August 29, 2018 Correspondence to tdkhanh@ ORCID Tran Dang Khanh Xuan Tran Dang Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is one of the most pernicious and problematic weeds in worldwide agriculture. The objective of this review is to highlight the morphology and habitats of this weed, and to present comprehensive information of the allelochemical constituents and pharmacological effects as well as its allelopathic interaction with rice (Oryza sativa L.) based on 115 worldwide literary resources reported over the last 40 years. In laboratory bioassays and root exudates experiments, barnyardgrass showed remarkable inhibition on the growth of the indicator plants. In greenhouse and field experiments, depending on the proportion density of barnyardgrass interference, rice yield is significantly reduced. Major isolated chemical constituents [including 59 compounds, belonging to phenolics, terpenes, steroids, lactones, long-fatty acids, and their derivatives] were identified and isolated from the different parts of this weed including root exudates and infested-soil, which are involved in allelopathic action. Among these, p-hydroxymandelic acids, diethyl phthalate, and two lactones [7,8-dihydro-5,6-dehydrokavain (DDK) and 7,8-dihydrokavain (DHK)], along with a gene
