Chapter 3 - Relevant background factors. Chapter 3 details the six relevant background factors that are part of the tubbs model of small group interaction. These factors - personality, gender, age, health, attitudes, and values - relate directly to why we do what we do when placed in small group situations. The chapter also discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs. | Relevant Background Factors Relevant Background Factors Glossary Case Study Explaining Why We Do What We Do Personality Gender Age Health Relevant Background Factors (continued) Attitudes Values The Systems Approach Glossary Affection—refers to the friendship and closeness between people. Attitudes—a mental state that exerts influence over an individual’s behaviors. Attitudes have three components: (1) a cognitive component, which refers to a concept; (2) an affective component, which is emotion; and (3) a behavioral component, which is the readiness to act. Consistency Theories—based on the assumption that human beings have a strong psychological need for consistency. This is often referred to as a need to maintain cognitive balance. Glossary Control Refers to our need to influence, lead, and develop power over others or to be influenced, be led, or have others exert power over us. Inclusion Our need for belonging, feeling a part of, and being together with others. Values Values are fewer in number than attitudes and serve as important predictors of behavior. They appear to be more stable and long-lasting than attitudes. Case Study Adventures in Kenya 1. What issues and/or problems can you identify in this case? 2. How does this case illustrate the systems model for analyzing group interaction? Explaining Why We Do What We Do Diversity: Groups in Conflict All behavior occurs in some context. Hamden-Turner and Trompenaars (2000) have identified six dimensions that distinguish people. 1. Universalism-particularism 2. Individualism-communitarianism 3. Specificity-diffusion 4. Achieved status-ascribed status 5. Inner direction-outer direction 6. Sequential time-synchronous time Explaining Why We Do What We Do Diversity: Groups in Conflict (continued) Believing in specific ways is usually seen as an attempt by the individual to meet certain needs. Probably one of the best-known models for explaining people’s needs is Maslow’s (1970) hierarchy of needs. Physiological . | Relevant Background Factors Relevant Background Factors Glossary Case Study Explaining Why We Do What We Do Personality Gender Age Health Relevant Background Factors (continued) Attitudes Values The Systems Approach Glossary Affection—refers to the friendship and closeness between people. Attitudes—a mental state that exerts influence over an individual’s behaviors. Attitudes have three components: (1) a cognitive component, which refers to a concept; (2) an affective component, which is emotion; and (3) a behavioral component, which is the readiness to act. Consistency Theories—based on the assumption that human beings have a strong psychological need for consistency. This is often referred to as a need to maintain cognitive balance. Glossary Control Refers to our need to influence, lead, and develop power over others or to be influenced, be led, or have others exert power over us. Inclusion Our need for belonging, feeling a part of, and being together with others. Values Values are
