(BQ) Part 2 book "Review of forensic medicine and toxicology" has contents: Impotence and sterility, sexual offences, postmortem artifacts, forensic psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, torture and custodial deaths, newer techniques and recent advances,. and other contents. | CHAPTER 23 Impotence and Sterility iii. iv. ii. v. Impotence: It is the inability of a person to perform sexual intercourse and achieve gratification (unable to copulate). Erectile dysfunction: Inability to develop and maintain an erection for satisfactory sexual intercourse in the absence of an ejaculatory disorder such as premature ejaculation. Quod (impotence quode hanc, ‘as regards’): A male may be impotent with one particular female, but not with Frigidity (Latin, coldness): It is the inability to initiate or maintain the sexual arousal pattern in female (absence of desire for sexual intercourse or incapacity to achieve orgasm).2 Sterility: It is the absolute inability of either a male or a female to procreate. In male, it is inability to make a female conceive, and in females, it is inability to conceive children. Fertility: Capacity to reproduce or the state of being fertile. Infertility: Failure to conceive (regardless of cause) after 1 year of unprotected and regular Definitions z Question of impotence and sterility arises in: and believed to be semen), widower syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder or over-indulgence. Excessive masturbation may also lead to impotence. Age: Before puberty, boys are usually impotent and sterile with certain exceptions, like precocious puberty. Poor physical development of penis is common cause of impotence—examination depends more on its development than the age. In advanced age, libido diminishes, but they are not impotent or sterile. As long as live spermatozoa are present in seminal fluid, individual is presumed to be fertile. Developmental and acquired abnormalities: Absence of penis, intersexuality, malformations, . hypospadias, epispadias, absence of testicles, Klinefelter syndrome, retrograde ejaculation and cryptorchidism (Fig. ). Local diseases: Priapism, hydrocele, elephantiasis, phimosis, Peyronie disease,
