The present study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Salvia limbata . and Salvia sclarea L., as well as the content of its essential oil. The activities of essential oils were tested against a wide range of human-, plant-, and food-borne microorganisms. | Turk J Biol 32 (2008) 181-192 © TÜBİTAK Bioactivities of the Various Extracts and Essential Oils of Salvia limbata . and Salvia sclarea L. Hatice ÖĞÜTÇÜ1, Atalay SÖKMEN2, Münevver SÖKMEN3, Moschos POLISSIOU4, Julia SERKEDJIEVA5, Dimitra DAFERERA4, Fikrettin ŞAHİN6, Özlem BARIŞ7,*, Medine GÜLLÜCE7 1 Refik Saydam Hygiene Center, Ministry of Health, 06100 Ankara - TURKEY 2 Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 61080 Trabzon - TURKEY 3 Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry, 61080 Trabzon - TURKEY 4 Laboratory of General Chemistry, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 118 55 - GREECE 5 Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sofia - BULGARIA 6 Yeditepe University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Kayışdağı, 34755 İstanbul - TURKEY 7 Atatürk University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 25240 Erzurum - TURKEY Received: Abstract: The present study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Salvia limbata . and Salvia sclarea L., as well as the content of its essential oil. The activities of essential oils were tested against a wide range of human-, plant-, and food-borne microorganisms. A total of 55 microbial organisms belonging to 35 bacteria and 19 fungi and yeast species were tested using disk diffusion, micro dilution, and micro-well dilution. The essential oils were found to possess antimicrobial activity against some of the tested fungi, while no activity was observed against the bacteria. The chemical compositions of the plant hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by means of GC-MS. The main compounds of Salvia species oils were spathulenol () and germacrene D (). Other important components were sclareoloxide () and β-caryophyllene
