A new species, Cymbocarpum alinihatii, is described from the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Diagnostic and morphological characteristics that distinguish it from allied species C. anethoides, C. wiedemannii, C. amanum, C. erythraeum, and C. marginatum and an identification key for all Cymbocarpum species are provided. | Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2018) 42: 91-99 © TÜBİTAK doi: Research Article A new species of Cymbocarpum (Apiaceae) from the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey and its phylogenetic position within Tordylieae 1, 1 2 3 4 Yusuf MENEMEN *, Burçin ÇINGAY , Aşkın Öykü ÇİMEN , Şeref ERTAŞ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey 2 Science Departments, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanic Garden, Ataşehir, İstanbul, Turkey 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey 4 Institute of Science, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey Received: Accepted/Published Online: Final Version: Abstract: A new species, Cymbocarpum alinihatii, is described from the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Diagnostic and morphological characteristics that distinguish it from allied species C. anethoides, C. wiedemannii, C. amanum, C. erythraeum, and C. marginatum and an identification key for all Cymbocarpum species are provided. To assess its phylogenetic placement, a maximum parsimony analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences from representative members of tribe Tordylieae was carried out. It shows that the new species nests within a well-supported clade comprising members of Cymbocarpum with strong bootstrap value, but it is distinguished from its most closely related species, C. anethoides and C. wiedemannii. In terms of stem and leaf hairiness, leaf type, and mericarp shape, C. alinihatii differs from C. anethoides by having sparsely to densely scabrid hairy stem and leaf (not glabrous), sometimes having ternate leaves and ovate mericarp shape (not elliptic to oblong). The distribution areas of these two species are also isolated in the high mountains occupying large areas of eastern Turkey. The new species clearly differs from C. wiedemannii by having 4–8 cm (not 20–40 cm) high
