Chapter 3 - Leadership is developed through education and experience. This chapter reviews: The tendency or bias to perceive one thing and not another, tendency to make external attributions for one’s own failures, yet make internal attributions for one’s successes. | CHAPTER THREE Leadership Is Developed Through Education and Experience Perceptual set The tendency or bias to perceive one thing and not another Factors That Affect a Perceptual Set Feelings Needs Prior experience Expectations Factors Affecting the Attribution Process Fundamental attribution theory Self-serving bias Actor/observer difference Fundamental Attribution Error Tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail Self-serving bias Tendency to make external attributions for one’s own failures, yet make internal attributions for one’s successes The Role of Expectations In Social Interaction Person 1 Person 2 1. Has expectations of other person (I’ve heard she’s nice) 3. Expectancy confirmed (She does seem personable) 4. Initiates positive interaction toward other person 6. Expectation further strengthened 2. Behaves ambiguously (might be seen as friendly) 5. Responds in a friendly manner 7. Self concept change? (It’s easy for me to meet others) Anatomy Of a Learning Experience Plateau Comfort zone What I already know how to do Combined effect of drive, personality My “grain” Combined effect of drive, personality and experience Going against the grain Temporary drop in performance Meeting the challenge Turning the corner Learning to learn Building a new process Reaping the benefits Results of old learning Repertoire of learning skills Transition Change A new challenge Stress Growth potential Discomfort Techniques Used To Teach Leadership Concepts Lecture Individualized feedback Case studies Role playing Simulations and games In-basket exercises Leaderless group discussions | CHAPTER THREE Leadership Is Developed Through Education and Experience Perceptual set The tendency or bias to perceive one thing and not another Factors That Affect a Perceptual Set Feelings Needs Prior experience Expectations Factors Affecting the Attribution Process Fundamental attribution theory Self-serving bias Actor/observer difference Fundamental Attribution Error Tendency to overestimate the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environmental causes when others fail Self-serving bias Tendency to make external attributions for one’s own failures, yet make internal attributions for one’s successes The Role of Expectations In Social Interaction Person 1 Person 2 1. Has expectations of other person (I’ve heard she’s nice) 3. Expectancy confirmed (She does seem personable) 4. Initiates positive interaction toward other person 6. Expectation further strengthened 2. Behaves ambiguously (might be seen as friendly) 5. Responds in a friendly manner 7. Self concept change? (It’s easy for me to meet others) Anatomy Of a Learning Experience Plateau Comfort zone What I already know how to do Combined effect of drive, personality My “grain” Combined effect of drive, personality and experience Going against the grain Temporary drop in performance Meeting the challenge Turning the corner Learning to learn Building a new process Reaping the benefits Results of old learning Repertoire of learning skills Transition Change A new challenge Stress Growth potential Discomfort Techniques Used To Teach Leadership Concepts Lecture Individualized feedback Case studies Role playing Simulations and games In-basket exercises Leaderless group .
