Early management thought was dominated by cultural values that were antibusiness. Three forces, or ethics, interacted to provide for a new age of industrialization: protestant ethic, liberty ethic, market ethic. | THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Management before Industrialization Chapter Two Early Organizations First, there has to be a goal. Second, people must be attracted to the purpose in order to participate. Third, organizational members need resources. Fourth, activities must be structured. Fifth, results were better achieved through the activity of management. Management in Early Civilizations Hammurabi – Code of Law Sun Tzu – Planning and Strategy Confucius – Personnel selection by merit, early bureaucracy, and division of labor Kautilya – Public administration, trait approach for selecting leaders, use of staff for advising, and job descriptions Joseph – best known vizier - from which the word supervisor is derived Joseph as Vizier from which the word supervisor is derived Span of Control “Rule of ten” Egypt Hebrews Origins of Charisma Moses and his ideas: organization, span of control, delegation, and the exception principle Other quotes suggest the Hebrews provided advice on planning, listening to advisers, and controlling Greece Socrates – transferability of managerial skills Aristotle – specialization of labor, departmentation, delegation, synergy, leadership and scientific method Xenophon – advantages of specializing labor The span of control in their military as well as “Roman Law” became a model for later civilizations Rome The Catholic Church Oldest living organization Conflict between centralized and decentralized authority still exists today –characterized as the need for unanimity of purpose yet discretion for local problems and conditions. The Catholic Church Papal authority may reside in a passage found in Matthew 16:18 Jesus says to Peter; “You are Peter, a stone; and upon this rock I will build my church.” Since Peter was crucified and buried in Rome, some believe that the church in Rome (St. Peter’s Basilica) fulfilled this prophecy. . | THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHT, 6TH EDITION Electronic Resource by: Regina Greenwood and Julia Teahen Management before Industrialization Chapter Two Early Organizations First, there has to be a goal. Second, people must be attracted to the purpose in order to participate. Third, organizational members need resources. Fourth, activities must be structured. Fifth, results were better achieved through the activity of management. Management in Early Civilizations Hammurabi – Code of Law Sun Tzu – Planning and Strategy Confucius – Personnel selection by merit, early bureaucracy, and division of labor Kautilya – Public administration, trait approach for selecting leaders, use of staff for advising, and job descriptions Joseph – best known vizier - from which the word supervisor is derived Joseph as Vizier from which the word supervisor is derived Span of Control “Rule of ten” Egypt Hebrews Origins of Charisma Moses and his ideas: organization, span of control, .
