This paper focuses on those structural models with an endogenous default barrier where firms optimally choose a default boundary so as to maximize the equity value. The analysis commences to cover avowedly theoretical frameworks from pioneering works by Black-Scholes (1973) and Merton (1974) on zero-coupon debts to later extensions of those models for a more complex debt structure to include coupon perpetual bonds (Leland, 1994) and of arbitrage maturity or rolledover debts (Leland and Toft, 1996). | A study on optimal capital structure of Vietnamese real estate listed firms