Currently, Vietnam is in its development process to be an industrial country. The industrialization and modernization have been boosted so that it will basically become such a country in 2020. The reality shows that this development process is accompnaied by the resurgence of the religious activities, and one of them is the cult of Bà Chúa Xứ (Lady of the Realm/ Mother Goddess). Worship for Bà Chúa Xứ is now one popular religious belief in South Vietnam. | Significance of religion in the contemporary social context of south vietnam: A case study in the cult of Bà Chúa Xứ