The objectives of the research were to 1) investigate the procedures of co-operative education employed in higher education institutions in Thailand, 2) analyze the influential factors affecting the effectiveness of co-operative education of higher education institutions in Thailand. It was qualitative research. Data were collected through documentary research, in-depth interview, and non-participant observation. The total of 40 samples was divided into two groups. The first group of the samples comprised university administrators, co-operative education teachers as supervisors, and students. All were from three universities including Suranaree University of Technology, Walailak Univeristy, and Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. The second group of the samples consisted of administrators from business organizations, and staff acting as supervisors. All of them were from three companies including Western Digital (Thailand) Co. Ltd., Betagro Public Co., Ltd., and Microchip Technology (Thailand) Co. Ltd, (as they were partners joining in the co-operative education with the 3 universities listed above).